Who maintains the records of all transactions associated with a company’s securities?

The transfer agent is responsible for maintaining the records of all transactions associated with a company's securities. This includes keeping track of stock ownership, handling the issuance and cancellation of certificates, and managing the transfer of securities from one party to another. They play a crucial role in ensuring that all records are accurate and up-to-date, which is essential for both the company and its investors.

The central bank does not manage securities records; instead, it focuses on monetary policy and financial stability. A regulatory body oversees compliance with financial laws and regulations but does not maintain individual transaction records. An investment banker is primarily involved in underwriting and facilitating the issuance of securities, not in the record-keeping associated with them. Thus, the transfer agent's function is distinct and vital in maintaining the integrity and accuracy of a company's securities transactions.